MT Generate System Parameters VI

LabView Digital Modulation

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MT Generate System Parameters VI

Calculates parameters for use with modulation and demodulation VIs. The system parameters cluster from this VI wires to the corresponding parameter of the appropriate demodulation or modulation VI.

Use the pull-down menu to select an instance of this VI.

MT Generate FSK System Parameters (M)

This polymorphic instance calculates parameters for use with either the MT Modulate FSK VI or the MT Demodulate FSK VI. This instance accepts an M-ary value that specifies a predefined symbol map with the number of distinct symbol map values to use as symbols.

MT Generate FSK System Parameters(M)

samples per symbol specifies an even, positive number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate. The default is 16.

M-FSK specifies the M-ary number, which is the number of distinct frequency deviations to use as symbols. This value must be a positive power of 2. The default is 2.

FSK deviation specifies the maximum FSK frequency deviation. At baseband frequencies, deviations for individual symbols are evenly spaced in the interval [–f _d, f _d], where f _d represents the frequency deviation. The default is 15,000.

symbol phase continuity specifies whether the phase transitions between symbols are continuous.

With discontinuous phase-FSK (DPFSK), modulation consists of selecting the appropriate sinusoid based on the input data. Thus when switching between symbols, there is a discontinuity in the FSK signal phase. To emulate a hardware-based DPFSK source, this VI maintains the phase of each independent sinusoid versus time. In this way, the DPFSK modulator acts like a hardware-based (multiple switched tone generator) FSK modulator.

continuous (0)	Specifies continuous phase transitions between symbols. This is the default value.
discontinuous (1)	Specifies discontinuous phase transitions between symbols, that is, DPFSK.

error in (no error) can accept error information wired from previously called VIs. Use this information to decide if any functionality should be bypassed in the event of errors from other VIs. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code identifies the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

FSK system parameters returns parameter values defining the FSK system. Wire this cluster to the corresponding system parameters cluster of the MT Modulate FSK VI or the MT Demodulate FSK VI.

	samples per symbol returns the number of samples per symbol in the modulated output complex waveform. For error-free operation, the samples per symbol should be an even number. Applying Carson's rule for FSK modulation, the 98% FSK bandwidth is given by 0.5 × (1 + r) × symbol rate + peak frequency deviation, where 0 ≤ r ≤ 1 is the filter parameter. To satisfy Nyquist criterion, a good guideline is given by samples per symbol = 2 × ceil(1.5 × bandwidth/symbol rate) to obtain 3× oversampling.
	symbol map returns an ordered array that maps each Boolean symbol to its desired deviation frequency. The number of FSK levels in the array must be 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol.
	symbol phase continuity returns the symbol phase state as continuous (default) or discontinuous.

bits per symbol returns the number of bits represented by each symbol. This value is equal to Log₂(M), where M is the order of the modulation (for example, for 16-FSK, M=16).

error out passes error or warning information out of a VI to be used by other VIs. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code is the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

MT Generate FSK System Parameters(map)

This polymorphic instance calculates parameters for use with either the MT Modulate FSK VI or the MT Demodulate FSK VI. This VI accepts an input array of symbol values that explicitly define the positions of the symbol map.

MT Generate FSK System Parameters(map)

samples per symbol specifies an even, positive number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate. The default is 16.

symbol values specifies an array of symbol values with an order that corresponds to the symbol map. The number of FSK levels specified here must be 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol.

This VI expects an array of integers for the symbol values parameter. The integers 0 through (M-1) must all be included only once in the symbol values array, where M is the M-ary number of the modulation. The symbol locations (FSK frequencies) are evenly spaced between –FSK Deviation and +FSK Deviation, inclusive, with the binary representation (LSB first convention) of the integers that populate the symbol values array that corresponds to the placement of the M-ary bits on the I/Q constellation.

For example, for 4-FSK, if you specify FSK deviation as 150k and symbol values as [0 1 3 2], then:

00 (symbol value 0) corresponds to –150k
01 (symbol value 1) corresponds to –50k
11 (symbol value 3) corresponds to 50k
10 (symbol value 2) corresponds to 150k

Therefore the generated FSK symbol map reads [–150k –50k 150k 50k]. Similarly, if you specify the symbol values array as [0 1 2 3], the generated FSK symbol map reads [–150k –50k 50k 150k].

symbol phase continuity specifies whether the phase transitions between symbols are continuous.

continuous (0)	Specifies continuous phase transitions between symbols. This is the default value.
discontinuous (1)	Specifies discontinuous phase transitions between symbols, that is, DPFSK.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code identifies the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

FSK system parameters returns parameter values defining the FSK system. Wire this cluster to the corresponding system parameters cluster of the MT Modulate FSK VI or the MT Demodulate FSK VI.

	samples per symbol returns the number of samples per symbol in the modulated output complex waveform. For error-free operation, the samples per symbol should be an even number. Applying Carson's rule for FSK modulation, the 98% FSK bandwidth is given by 0.5 × (1 + r) × symbol rate + peak frequency deviation, where 0 ≤ r ≤ 1 is the filter parameter. To satisfy Nyquist criterion, a good guideline is given by samples per symbol = 2 × ceil(1.5 × bandwidth/symbol rate) to obtain 3× oversampling.
	symbol map returns an ordered array that maps each Boolean symbol to its desired deviation frequency. The number of FSK levels in the array must be 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol.
	symbol phase continuity returns the symbol phase state as continuous (default) or discontinuous.

bits per symbol returns the number of bits represented by each symbol. This value is equal to Log₂(M), where M is the order of the modulation (for example, for 16-FSK, M=16).

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code is the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

MT Generate PSK System Parameters(M)

This polymorphic instance calculates parameters for use with either the MT Modulate PSK VI or the MT Demodulate PSK VI. This VI generates the symbol map for PSK-modulated systems. It accepts an M-ary value that specifies a predefined symbol map with the number of distinct symbol map values to use as symbols.

Example Symbol Map for PSK

This symbol map corresponds to input symbol values {0, 1, 3, 2} for a quadrature-phase-shift-keying (QPSK) modulation system.

MT Generate PSK System Parameters(M)

samples per symbol specifies an even, positive number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate. The default is 16.

M-PSK specifies the M-ary number, which is the number of distinct states that represent symbols in the complex baseband modulated waveform. This value must be a positive power of 2. The default is 4.

differential PSK specifies how the PSK modulation represents symbols. Differential operation is used to implement PSK formats such as differential quadrature PSK (DQPSK) and /4-DQPSK.

disable (0)	Symbols are represented as constellation points. This is the default value.
enable (1)	Symbols are represented as the transitions between constellation points.

PSK type specifies the type of PSK modulation.

normal	Sets the modulation type to regular PSK. This is the default value.
shifted	Rotates the constellation by /M each symbol.
offset	Sets the modulation type to offset quadrature phase-shift keying (OQPSK). This modulation scheme is a form of phase-shift keying in which four different phase angles are used. This scheme is sometimes referred to as staggered quadrature phase-shift keying (SQPSK). For offset PSK, the ideal symbol timing for Q is offset by 1/2 of a symbol period from the ideal symbol timing for I.offset is currently only supported for M = 4.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code identifies the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

PSK system parameters returns parameter values defining the PSK system. Wire this cluster to the corresponding system parameters cluster of the MT Modulate PSK VI or the MT Demodulate PSK VI.

	samples per symbol returns the number of samples per symbol in the modulated output complex waveform. For error-free operation, the samples per symbol should be an even number.
	symbol map returns an ordered array that maps each Boolean symbol to its desired coordinates in the complex plane. The number of PSK states in the array must be 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol.
	differential PSK returns the status of the differential PSK as enabled or disabled.
	PSK type returns the type of PSK modulation.

bits per symbol returns the number of bits represented by each symbol. This value is equal to Log₂(M), where M is the order of the modulation (for example, for 16-PSK, M=16).

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code is the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

MT Generate PSK System Parameters(map)

This polymorphic instance calculates parameters for use with either the MT Modulate PSK VI or the MT Demodulate PSK VI. This VI generates the symbol map for PSK-modulated systems. It accepts an array of symbol values that explicitly specifies the positions of the symbol map.

Example Symbol Map for PSK

This symbol map corresponds to input symbol values {0, 1, 3, 2} for a quadrature-phase-shift-keying (QPSK) modulation system.

MT Generate PSK System Parameters(map)

samples per symbol specifies an even, positive number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate. The default is 16.

symbol values specifies an array of symbol values with an order that corresponds to the symbol map. The number of PSK states in the array must be 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol.

This VI expects an array of integers for the symbol values parameter. The integers 0 through (M–1) must all be included only once in the symbol values array, where M is the M-ary number of the modulation. The binary representation (LSB first convention) of the integers represents the bit pattern that is mapped to the corresponding symbol location in the symbol values array. The symbol locations are generated with equal angles between all M-ary symbol locations and a distance of unity from the origin.

For example, in 8-PSK, if you specify symbol values as [5 4 2 7 3 0 1 6], the generated PSK symbol map is [(–0.383 – 0.924i), (0.383 – 0.924i), (–0.383 + 0.924i), (–0.924 – 0.383i), (0.383 + 0.924i), (0.924 + 0.383i), (0.924 – 0.383i), (–0.924 + 0.383i)].

differential PSK specifies how the PSK modulation represents symbols. Differential operation is used to implement PSK formats such as differential quadrature PSK (DQPSK) and /4-DQPSK.

disable (0)	Symbols are represented as constellation points. This is the default value.
enable (1)	Symbols are represented as the transitions between constellation points.

PSK type specifies the type of PSK modulation.

normal	Sets the modulation type to regular PSK. This is the default value.
shifted	Rotates the constellation by /M each symbol.
offset	Sets the modulation type to offset quadrature phase-shift keying (OQPSK). This modulation scheme is a form of phase-shift keying in which four different phase angles are used. This scheme is sometimes referred to as staggered quadrature phase-shift keying (SQPSK). For offset PSK, the ideal symbol timing for Q is offset by 1/2 of a symbol period from the ideal symbol timing for I.offset is currently only supported for M = 4.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code identifies the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

PSK system parameters returns parameter values defining the PSK system. Wire this cluster to the corresponding system parameters cluster of the MT Modulate PSK VI or the MT Demodulate PSK VI.

	samples per symbol returns the number of samples per symbol in the modulated output complex waveform. For error-free operation, the samples per symbol should be an even number.
	symbol map returns an ordered array that maps each Boolean symbol to its desired coordinates in the complex plane. The number of PSK states in the array must be 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol.
	differential PSK returns the status of the differential PSK as enabled or disabled.
	PSK type returns the type of PSK modulation.

bits per symbol returns the number of bits represented by each symbol. This value is equal to Log₂(M), where M is the order of the modulation (for example, for 16-PSK, M=16).

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code is the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

MT Generate QAM System Parameters(M)

This polymorphic instance calculates parameters for use with either the MT Modulate QAM VI or the MT Demodulate QAM VI. It accepts an M-ary value that specifies a predefined symbol map with the number of distinct symbol map values to use as symbols.

MT Generate QAM System Parameters(M)

samples per symbol specifies an even, positive number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate. The default is 16.

M-QAM specifies the M-ary number, which is the number of distinct states that represent symbols in the complex baseband modulated waveform. This value must be a positive power of 2 and must be less than 256. The default is 16.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code identifies the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

QAM system parameters returns parameter values defining the QAM system. Wire this cluster to the corresponding system parameters cluster of the MT Modulate QAM VI or MT Demodulate QAM VI.

	samples per symbol returns the number of samples per symbol in the modulated output complex waveform. For error-free operation, the samples per symbol should be an even number.
	symbol map returns an ordered array that maps each symbol value to its desired coordinates in the complex plane. The number of QAM states in the array must be 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol. The length of the vector for the symbols farthest from the origin must be 1.

bits per symbol returns the number of bits represented by each symbol. This value is equal to Log₂(M), where M is the order of the modulation (for example, for 16-QAM, M=16).

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code is the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

MT Generate QAM System Parameters(map)

This polymorphic instance calculates parameters for use with either the MT Modulate QAM VI or the MT Demodulate QAM VI. It accepts an input array of symbol values that explicitly specifies the positions of the symbol map.

MT Generate QAM System Parameters(map)

samples per symbol specifies an even, positive number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate. The default is 16.

symbol values specifies an array of symbol values with an order that corresponds to the symbol map. The number of QAM states in the array must be 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol. The length, or magnitude, of the vector for the symbols farthest from the origin must be 1.

This VI expects a two-dimensional, square array of integers for the symbol values parameter. 4-QAM expects a 2×2 array (2 rows, 2 columns), 16-QAM expects a 4×4 array, and so on. The integers 0 through (M–1) must all be included only once in the symbol values array, where M is the M-ary number of the modulation. M must be less than 256. The binary representation (LSB first convention) of the integers represents the bit pattern that is mapped to the corresponding symbol location in the symbol values array.

For example, for 4-QAM, if you specify symbol values as

[3 1]

[0 2]

the generated QAM symbol map is [(–0.707 – 0.707i), (0.707 + 0.707i), (0.707 – 0.707i), (–0.707 + 0.707i)].

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code identifies the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

QAM system parameters returns parameter values defining the QAM system. Wire this cluster to the corresponding system parameters cluster of the MT Modulate QAM VI or MT Demodulate QAM VI.

	samples per symbol returns the number of samples per symbol in the modulated output complex waveform. For error-free operation, the samples per symbol should be an even number.
	symbol map returns an ordered array that maps each symbol value to its desired coordinates in the complex plane. The number of QAM states in the array must be 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol. The length of the vector for the symbols farthest from the origin must be 1.

bits per symbol returns the number of bits represented by each symbol. This value is equal to Log₂(M), where M is the order of the modulation (for example, for 16-QAM, M=16).

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code is the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

MT Generate MSK System Parameters

This polymorphic instance calculates parameters for use with either the MT Modulate MSK VI or the MT Demodulate MSK VI.

MT Generate MSK System Parameters

samples per symbol specifies an even, positive number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate. The default is 16.

differential encoding enable specifies whether to enable differential encoding of the bit stream.

disable (0)	Does not allow bit stream encoding.
enable (1)	Allows bit stream encoding. This is the default value.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code identifies the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

MSK system parameters returns parameter values defining the MSK system. Wire this parameter to the corresponding system parameters cluster of the MT Modulate MSK VI or the MT Demodulate MSK VI.

differential encoding enable specifies whether the bit sequence is differentially encoded.

samples per symbol returns the number of samples per symbol in the modulated output complex waveform. For error-free operation, the samples per symbol should be an even number. Applying Carson's rule for MSK modulation [peak frequency deviation = 0.25 × symbol rate (Hz)], the 98% MSK bandwidth is given by 0.5 × (1 + r) × symbol rate + peak frequency deviation, where 0 < r ≤ 1 is the filter parameter. To satisfy Nyquist criterion, a good guideline is given by samples per symbol = 2 × ceil(1.5 × bandwidth/symbol rate) to obtain 3× oversampling.

bits per symbol returns the number of bits represented by each symbol. This value is equal to Log₂(M), where M is the order of the modulation (for example, for 16-MSK, M=16).

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code is the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

MT Generate PAM system parameters (M)

This polymorphic instance calculates parameters for use with either the MT Modulate PAM VI or the MT Demodulate PAM VI. It accepts an M-ary value that specifies a predefined symbol map with the number of distinct levels to use as symbols.

MT Generate PAM system parameters (M)

samples per symbol specifies an even, positive number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate. The default is 16.

M-PAM specifies the M-ary number, which for PAM is the number of distinct states that represent symbols in the complex baseband modulated waveform. This value must be a positive power of 2. The default is 2.

Note The M-to-symbol-map mapping is performed using a gray-coding approach. In this approach, the binary interpretation of the index of any value in the symbol map array corresponds to the bit sequence associated with the symbol map location. For example, with 4-PAM (2 bits per symbol), a returned symbol map in the order [–1, -0.33, 1.00, 0.33] implies that the bits 00 are mapped to the symbol map location –1, the bits 01 are mapped to the symbol map location –0.33, the bits 10 are mapped to the symbol map location 1.00, and the bits 11 are mapped to the symbol map location 0.33.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code identifies the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

PAM system parameters returns parameter values defining the PAM system. Wire this cluster to the corresponding system parameters cluster of the MT Modulate PAM VI or the MT Demodulate PAM VI.

	samples per symbol returns the number of samples per symbol in the modulated output complex waveform. For error-free operation, the samples per symbol should be an even number.
	symbol map returns an ordered array that maps each symbol to its desired level. The number of PAM levels in the array is 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol. The length of the vector for the symbol or symbols farthest from the origin is 1.

bits per symbol returns the number of bits represented by each symbol. This value is equal to Log₂(M), where M is the order of the modulation (for example, for 16-PAM, M=16).

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code is the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

MT Generate PAM system parameters (map)

This polymorphic instance calculates parameters for use with either the MT Modulate PAM VI or the MT Demodulate PAM VI. It accepts an array of symbol values that explicitly specifies the positions of the symbol map with symbols that are evenly distributed between –1 and 1.

MT Generate PAM system parameters (map)

samples per symbol specifies an even, positive number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate. The default is 16.

symbol values specifies an array of symbol values with an index-based order that corresponds to the symbol map. The length of the symbol values array must be a positive power of 2, and the entries must be unique and in the range 0 to M-1, where M is the length of the symbol values array.

This VI expects an array of integer for the symbol values parameter. The integers 0 through (M-1) must all be included only once in the symbol values array, where M is the M-ary number of the modulation. The binary representation (LSB first convention) of the integers represents the bit pattern that is mapped to the corresponding symbol location in the symbol values array. The symbol locations are evenly spaced between (–1 + 0i) and (1 + 0i), inclusive, along the real axis (I axis).

For example, for 4-PAM, if you specify symbol values as [2 3 0 1], the generated PAM symbol map is [(0.333 + 0i), (1 + 0i), (–1 + 0i), (–0.333 + 0i)].

Note An entry at index n is mapped to the PAM symbol map at location 2n/(M – 1)– 1, where M is the size of the PAM constellation. For example, if you specify a symbol values array with entries [0, 1, 2, 3], the symbol-to-symbol pairing is symbol 0→ level –1, symbol 1→ level –1/3, symbol 2 → level 1/3, symbol 3→ level 1.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code identifies the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

PAM system parameters returns parameter values defining the PAM system. Wire this cluster to the corresponding system parameters cluster of the MT Modulate PAM VI or the MT Demodulate PAM VI.

	samples per symbol returns the number of samples per symbol in the modulated output complex waveform. For error-free operation, the samples per symbol should be an even number.
	symbol map returns an ordered array that maps each symbol to its desired level. The number of PAM levels in the array is 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol. The length of the vector for the symbol or symbols farthest from the origin is 1.

bits per symbol returns the number of bits represented by each symbol. This value is equal to Log₂(M), where M is the order of the modulation (for example, for 16-PAM, M=16).

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code is the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

MT Generate ASK system parameters (M)

This polymorphic instance calculates parameters for use with either the MT Modulate ASK VI or the MT Demodulate ASK VI. It accepts an M-ary value that specifies a predefined symbol map with the number of distinct levels to use as symbols.

MT Generate ASK System Parameters (M)

samples per symbol specifies an even, positive number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate. The default is 16.

M-ASK specifies the M-ary number, which for ASK is the number of distinct states that represent symbols in the complex baseband modulated waveform. This value must be a positive power of 2.

Note The M-to-symbol-map mapping is performed using a gray-coding approach. In this approach, the binary interpretation of the index of any value in the symbol map array corresponds to the bit sequence associated with the symbol map location. For example, with 4-ASK (2 bits per symbol), a returned symbol map in the order [0, 0.33, 1.00, 0.67] implies that the bits 00 are mapped to the symbol map location 0, the bits 01 are mapped to the symbol map location 0.33, the bits 11 are mapped to the symbol map location 0.67, and the bits 10 are mapped to the symbol map location 1.00. The default is 2.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code identifies the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

ASK system parameters returns parameter values defining the ASK system. Wire this cluster to the corresponding system parameters cluster of the MT Modulate ASK VI or the MT Demodulate ASK VI.

	samples per symbol returns the number of samples per symbol in the modulated output complex waveform. For error-free operation, the samples per symbol should be an even number.
	symbol map returns an ordered array that maps each Boolean symbol to its desired deviation frequency. The number of ASK levels in the array must be 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol. The length of the vector for the symbols farthest from the origin must be 1.

bits per symbol returns the number of bits represented by each symbol. This value is equal to Log₂(M), where M is the order of the modulation (for example, for 16-ASK, M=16).

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code is the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

MT Generate ASK system parameters (map)

This polymorphic instance calculates parameters for use with either the MT Modulate ASK VI or the MT Demodulate ASK VI. It accepts an array of symbol values that explicitly specifies the symbol positions of a symbol map with symbols that are evenly distributed between 0 and 1.

MT Generate ASK System Parameters (map)

samples per symbol specifies an even, positive number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate. The default is 16.

This VI expects an array of integers for the symbol values parameter. The integers 0 through (M-1) must all be included only once in the symbol values array, where M is the M-ary number of the modulation. The binary representation (LSB first convention) of the integers represents the bit pattern that is mapped to the corresponding symbol location in the symbol values array. The symbol locations are evenly spaced between (0 + 0i) and (1 + 0i), inclusive, along the real axis (I axis).

For example, for 4-ASK, if you specify symbol values as [2 3 0 1], the generated ASK symbol map is [(0.667 + 0i), (1 + 0i), (0 + 0i), (0.333 + 0i)].

Note An entry at index n is mapped to the ASK symbol map at location n/(M-1), where M is the size of the ASK constellation. For example, if you specify symbol values with entries [0, 1, 2, 3], the symbol-to-symbol pairing is symbol 0→ level 0, symbol 1→ level 1/3, symbol 2→ level 2/3, symbol 3→ level 1.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code identifies the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

ASK system parameters returns parameter values defining the ASK system. Wire this cluster to the corresponding system parameters cluster of the MT Modulate ASK VI or the MT Demodulate ASK VI.

	samples per symbol returns the number of samples per symbol in the modulated output complex waveform. For error-free operation, the samples per symbol should be an even number.
	symbol map returns an ordered array that maps each Boolean symbol to its desired deviation frequency. The number of ASK levels in the array must be 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol. The length of the vector for the symbols farthest from the origin must be 1.

bits per symbol returns the number of bits represented by each symbol. This value is equal to Log₂(M), where M is the order of the modulation (for example, for 16-ASK, M=16).

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code is the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

MT Generate CPM System Parameters (M)

This polymorphic instance accepts an M-ary value that specifies a predefined symbol map with the number of distinct symbol map values to use as symbols.

MT Generate CPM System Parameters (M)

samples per symbol specifies the number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate. The default is 16.

M-CPM specifies the M-ary number, which is the number of distinct frequency deviations to use as symbols. This value must be a positive power of 2.

modulation index, h(i) specifies the modulation index for the CPM modulation scheme. Refer to CPM Modulation for more information about modulation indices. The modulation index should be of proper form, that is, the numerator should be lesser than the denominator. The modulation index may vary between symbol intervals.

	numerator specifies the numerator of the modulation index.
	denominator specifies the denominator of the modulation index.

symbol rate specifies the desired symbol rate, in hertz.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code identifies the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

CPM system parameters returns parameter values defining the CPM system. Wire this control to the corresponding system parameters cluster of the MT Modulate CPM, MT Demodulate CPM, or MT Detect CPM VI.

	samples per symbol specifies the number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate.
	symbol map returns an ordered array that maps each Boolean symbol to its desired frequency deviation.

bits per symbol returns the number of bits represented by each symbol. This value is equal to Log₂(M), where M is the order of the modulation (for example, for 4-CPM, M=4).

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code is the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

MT Generate CPM System Parameters (Map)

Calculates parameters for use with either the MT Modulate CPM VI or the MT Demodulate CPM VI. Wire the CPM system parameters passed from this VI to the corresponding cluster of the MT Modulate CPM, MT Demodulate CPM, and MT Detect CPM VIs. It accepts an input array of symbol values that explicitly define the positions of the symbol map.

MT Generate CPM System Parameters (Map)

samples per symbol specifies the number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate. The default is 16.

symbol indices specifies an array of symbol values with an order that corresponds to the symbol map. The number of CPM levels specified here must be 2^N, where N is the number of bits per symbol.

	numerator specifies the numerator of the modulation index.
	denominator specifies the denominator of the modulation index.

symbol rate specifies the desired symbol rate, in hertz.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code identifies the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error in control and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

	samples per symbol specifies the number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate.
	symbol map returns an ordered array that maps each Boolean symbol to its desired frequency deviation.

	status is TRUE (X) if an error occurred or FALSE (checkmark) to indicate a warning or that no error occurred. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	code is the error or warning code. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.
	source describes the origin of the error or warning. Right-click the front panel error out indicator and select Explain Error or Explain Warning from the shortcut menu for more information about the error.

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