Sound Concepts

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Sound Concepts
  

Wave: Sound is made up of changes in air pressure in the form of waves.
 
Wavelength: The distance from the crest of one wave to the crest of the next.
 
Amplitude: The measure of the amount of energy in a sound wave.
 
Gain (Volume): A measure of how much a signal is amplified. Usually expressed in dB, higher gain values increase the amplitude of a signal, while lower gain values reduce it.
 
Frequency: The number of wave cycles per unit of time is called the frequency. For convenience, frequency is most often measured in cycles per second (cps) or the interchangeable Hertz (Hz) (60 cps = 60 Hz).
 
 
Pitch: For most practical purposes, the pitch of a sound can be said to be simply a measure of its frequency. Higher frequencies have higher pitch. High pitch means very rapid oscillation, and low pitch corresponds to slower oscillation. Time stretching is the process of changing the speed or duration of an audio signal without affecting its pitch. Pitch scaling or pitch shifting is the opposite: the process of changing the pitch without affecting the speed.
 
Stereo: Stereo sound divides sounds across two channels (recorded on two separate sources) then the recorded sounds are mixed so that some elements are channeled to the left and others to the right.
 
Mono: Commonly called mono sound, mono, or non-stereo sound, this early sound system used a single channel of audio for sound output.
  
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