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Table of contents

  • NI-VISA Help
    • Related Documentation
    • Using Help
      • Conventions
      • Navigating Help
      • Searching Help
      • Printing Help File Topics
    • Introduction
      • What You Need to Get Started
      • VXIplug&play Overview
      • Supported Platforms
    • User Reference
      • How to Use the User Reference Topics
      • Introductory Programming Examples
        • Example of Message-Based Communication
          • C Example
          • Visual Basic Example
          • Example Discussion
        • Example of Register-Based Communication
          • C Example
          • Visual Basic Example
          • Example Discussion
        • Example of Handling Events
          • Callbacks
          • Queuing
          • C Example
          • Visual Basic Example
          • Example Discussion
        • Example of Locking
          • C Example
          • Visual Basic Example
          • Example Discussion
      • VISA Overview
        • Background
        • VISA Terminology
          • Beginning Terminology
          • Communication Channels: Sessions
          • The Resource Manager
        • Examples of Interface Independence
      • Initializing Your VISA Application
        • Introduction
        • Opening a Session
          • C Example
          • Visual Basic Example
        • Finding Resources
          • C Example
          • Visual Basic Example
          • Finding VISA Resources Using Regular Expressions
          • Attribute-Based Resource Matching
            • C Example
            • Visual Basic Example
        • Configuring a Session
          • Accessing Attributes
          • Common Considerations for Using Attributes
      • Message-Based Communication
        • Introduction
        • Basic I/O Services
          • Synchronous Read/Write Services
          • Asynchronous Read/Write Services
          • Clear Service
          • Trigger Service
          • Status/Service Request Service
          • Example VISA Message-Based Application
            • C Example
            • Visual Basic Example
        • Formatted I/O Services
          • Formatted I/O Operations
          • I/O Buffer Operations
          • Variable List Operations
          • Manually Flushing the Formatted I/O Buffers
          • Automatically Flushing the Formatted I/O Buffers
          • Resizing the Formatted I/O Buffers
          • Formatted I/O Read and Low-Level I/O Receive Buffers
          • Formatted I/O Write and Low-Level I/O Transmit Buffers
          • Recommendations for Using the VISA Buffers
        • Formatted I/O Instrument Driver Examples
          • Integers
          • Floating Point Values
          • Strings
          • Data Blocks
      • Register-Based Communication
        • Introduction
        • High-Level Access Operations
        • High-Level Block Operations
        • Low-Level Access Operations
          • Overview of Register Accesses from Computers
          • Using VISA to Perform Low-Level Register Access
          • Operations vs. Pointer Dereference
          • Manipulating the Pointer
            • C Example
            • Visual Basic Example
          • Bus Errors
        • Comparison of High-Level and Low-Level Access
          • Speed
          • Ease of Use
          • Accessing Multiple Address Spaces
        • Shared Memory Operations
          • Shared Memory Sample Code
            • C Example
            • Visual Basic Example
      • VISA Events
        • Introduction
        • Supported Events
        • Enabling and Disabling Events
        • Queuing
        • Callbacks
          • Callback Modes
          • Independent Queues
          • The userHandle Parameter
        • Queuing and Callback Mechanism Sample Code
          • C Example
          • Visual Basic Example
        • Life of the Event Context
          • Event Context with the Queuing Mechanism
          • Event Context with the Callback Mechanism
        • Exception Handling
      • VISA Locks
        • Introduction
        • Lock Types
          • Lock Sharing
          • Acquiring an Exclusive Lock While Owning a Shared Lock
          • Nested Locks
        • Locking Sample Code
          • C Example
          • Visual Basic Example
      • .NET
    • NI-VISA Utilities
      • NI Spy: Debugging Tool
      • Interactive Control of VISA
      • Measurement & Automation Explorer (MAX)
      • visaconf
      • NI-VISA Driver Wizard
        • Overview
        • Hardware Bus
        • Basic FireWire Device Information
        • Basic PXI/PCI Device Information
        • Basic USB Device Information
        • Interrupt Detection Information
        • Interrupt Removal Information
        • NI-VISA PXI Interrupt Information
        • Disarm Interrupt Information
        • PXI Express Configuration
        • Output Files Information
        • Installation Options
        • Example for PXI
        • Example for USB
    • Interface-Specific Information
      • GPIB
        • Introduction to Programming GPIB Devices in VISA
        • Comparison Between NI-VISA and NI-488.2 APIs
        • Board-Level Programming
        • GPIB Summary
      • GPIB-VXI
        • Introduction to Programming GPIB-VXI Devices in VISA
        • Register-Based Programming with the GPIB-VXI
        • Additional Programming Issues
        • GPIB-VXI Summary
      • VXI
        • Introduction to Programming VXI Devices in VISA
        • VXI/VME Interrupts and Asynchronous Events in VISA
        • Performing Arbitrary Access to VXI Memory with VISA
        • Other VXI Resource Classes and VISA
        • Comparison Between NI-VISA and NI-VXI APIs
        • Summary of VXI in VISA
      • PXI/PCI
        • Introduction to Programming PXI Devices in NI-VISA
        • User-Level Functionality
        • Configuring NI-VISA to Recognize a PXI Device
        • Using LabWindows/CVI to Install Your Device .inf Files
        • Other PXI Resource Classes and VISA
        • PXI Summary
        • Using the NI-VISA Driver Wizard and NI-VISA to Register-Level Program a PXI/PCI Device Under Windows
          • PXI and VISA Background
          • Configuring NI-VISA to Recognize a PXI/PCI Device
            • Hardware Bus
            • Basic Device Information
            • Interrupt Detection Information
            • Interrupt Removal Information
            • Interrupt Disarm Information
            • PXI Express Configuration Information
            • Output Files Generation
            • Installation Options
          • Using NI-VISA to Communicate with a PXI/PCI Device
            • Step 1 -- Initialize the Device
            • Step 2 -- Communicating with the PXI Device
            • Step 3 -- Closing the Device
          • Using NI-VISA to Handle Events from a PXI/PCI Device
      • Serial
        • Introduction to Programming Serial Devices in VISA
        • Default vs. Configured Communication Settings
        • Controlling the Serial I/O Buffers
        • National Instruments ENET Serial Controllers
        • Serial Summary
      • Ethernet
        • Introduction to Programming Ethernet Devices in VISA
        • VISA Sockets vs. Other Sockets APIs
        • Ethernet Summary
      • Remote NI-VISA
        • Introduction to Programming Remote Devices in NI-VISA
        • How to Configure and Use Remote NI-VISA
        • Remote NI-VISA Summary
      • USB
        • Introduction to Programming USB Devices in VISA
        • Configuring NI-VISA to Recognize a RAW USB Device
        • USB Summary
        • USB Instrument Control Tutorial
          • USB and VISA Background
          • Configuring NI-VISA to Control Your USB Device
            • Create the .inf File Using the NI-VISA Driver Wizard
            • Install the .inf Files and USB Device
            • Test the Device with VISA Interactive Control
          • Using NI-VISA to Communicate with Your USB Device
          • USB on Linux and Mac
      • FireWire
        • Introduction to Programming FireWire Devices in VISA
        • Configuring NI-VISA to Recognize an INSTR FireWire Device
        • FireWire Summary
    • Function Reference
      • Overview of the VISA API
        • Description of the API
        • VISA Access Mechanisms
        • VISA Resource Types
        • VISA Resource Syntax and Examples
      • Attributes
        • Attributes
        • VI_ATTR_4882_COMPLIANT
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_ALLOW_TRANSMIT
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_AVAIL_NUM
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_BAUD
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_BREAK_LEN
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_BREAK_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_CONNECTED
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_CTS_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_DATA_BITS
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_DCD_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_DISCARD_NULL
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_DSR_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_DTR_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_END_IN
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_END_OUT
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_FLOW_CNTRL
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_PARITY
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_REPLACE_CHAR
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_RI_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_RTS_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_STOP_BITS
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_WIRE_MODE
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_XOFF_CHAR
        • VI_ATTR_ASRL_XON_CHAR
        • VI_ATTR_BUFFER
        • VI_ATTR_CMDR_LA
        • VI_ATTR_DEST_ACCESS_PRIV
        • VI_ATTR_DEST_BYTE_ORDER
        • VI_ATTR_DEST_INCREMENT
        • VI_ATTR_DEV_STATUS_BYTE
        • VI_ATTR_DMA_ALLOW_EN
        • VI_ATTR_EVENT_TYPE
        • VI_ATTR_FDC_CHNL
        • VI_ATTR_FDC_MODE
        • VI_ATTR_FDC_USE_PAIR
        • VI_ATTR_FILE_APPEND_EN
        • VI_ATTR_FIREWIRE_DEST_UPPER_OFFSET
        • VI_ATTR_FIREWIRE_LOWER_32_CHIP_ID
        • VI_ATTR_FIREWIRE_SRC_UPPER_OFFSET
        • VI_ATTR_FIREWIRE_UPPER_8_CHIP_ID
        • VI_ATTR_FIREWIRE_VENDOR_ID
        • VI_ATTR_FIREWIRE_WIN_UPPER_OFFSET
        • VI_ATTR_GPIB_ADDR_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_GPIB_ATN_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_GPIB_CIC_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_GPIB_HS488_CBL_LEN
        • VI_ATTR_GPIB_NDAC_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_GPIB_PRIMARY_ADDR
        • VI_ATTR_GPIB_READDR_EN
        • VI_ATTR_GPIB_RECV_CIC_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_GPIB_REN_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_GPIB_SECONDARY_ADDR
        • VI_ATTR_GPIB_SRQ_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_GPIB_SYS_CNTRL_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_GPIB_UNADDR_EN
        • VI_ATTR_IMMEDIATE_SERV
        • VI_ATTR_INTF_INST_NAME
        • VI_ATTR_INTF_NUM
        • VI_ATTR_INTF_PARENT_NUM
        • VI_ATTR_INTF_TYPE
        • VI_ATTR_INTR_STATUS_ID
        • VI_ATTR_IO_PROT
        • VI_ATTR_JOB_ID
        • VI_ATTR_MAINFRAME_LA
        • VI_ATTR_MANF_ID
        • VI_ATTR_MANF_NAME
        • VI_ATTR_MAX_QUEUE_LENGTH
        • VI_ATTR_MEM_BASE/VI_ATTR_MEM_BASE_32/VI_ATTR_MEM_BASE_64
        • VI_ATTR_MEM_SIZE/VI_ATTR_MEM_SIZE_32/VI_ATTR_MEM_SIZE_64
        • VI_ATTR_MEM_SPACE
        • VI_ATTR_MODEL_CODE
        • VI_ATTR_MODEL_NAME
        • VI_ATTR_OPER_NAME
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_ACTUAL_LWIDTH
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_BUS_NUM
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_CHASSIS
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_DEST_TRIG_BUS
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_DEV_NUM
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_DSTAR_BUS
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_DSTAR_SET
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_FUNC_NUM
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_IS_EXPRESS
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_MAX_LWIDTH
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_MEM_BASE_BAR0/1/2/3/4/5
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_MEM_SIZE_BAR0/1/2/3/4/5
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_MEM_TYPE_BAR0/1/2/3/4/5
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_RECV_INTR_DATA
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_RECV_INTR_SEQ
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_SLOT_LBUS_LEFT
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_SLOT_LBUS_RIGHT
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_SLOT_LWIDTH
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_SLOTPATH
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_SRC_TRIG_BUS
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_STAR_TRIG_BUS
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_STAR_TRIG_LINE
        • VI_ATTR_PXI_TRIG_BUS
        • VI_ATTR_RD_BUF_OPER_MODE
        • VI_ATTR_RD_BUF_SIZE
        • VI_ATTR_RECV_INTR_LEVEL
        • VI_ATTR_RECV_TRIG_ID
        • VI_ATTR_RET_COUNT/VI_ATTR_RET_COUNT_32/VI_ATTR_RET_COUNT_64
        • VI_ATTR_RM_SESSION
        • VI_ATTR_RSRC_CLASS
        • VI_ATTR_RSRC_IMPL_VERSION
        • VI_ATTR_RSRC_LOCK_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_RSRC_MANF_ID
        • VI_ATTR_RSRC_MANF_NAME
        • VI_ATTR_RSRC_NAME
        • VI_ATTR_RSRC_SPEC_VERSION
        • VI_ATTR_SEND_END_EN
        • VI_ATTR_SIGP_STATUS_ID
        • VI_ATTR_SLOT
        • VI_ATTR_SRC_ACCESS_PRIV
        • VI_ATTR_SRC_BYTE_ORDER
        • VI_ATTR_SRC_INCREMENT
        • VI_ATTR_STATUS
        • VI_ATTR_SUPPRESS_END_EN
        • VI_ATTR_TCPIP_ADDR
        • VI_ATTR_TCPIP_DEVICE_NAME
        • VI_ATTR_TCPIP_HOSTNAME
        • VI_ATTR_TCPIP_KEEPALIVE
        • VI_ATTR_TCPIP_NODELAY
        • VI_ATTR_TCPIP_PORT
        • VI_ATTR_TERMCHAR
        • VI_ATTR_TERMCHAR_EN
        • VI_ATTR_TMO_VALUE
        • VI_ATTR_TRIG_ID
        • VI_ATTR_USB_ALT_SETTING
        • VI_ATTR_USB_BULK_IN_PIPE
        • VI_ATTR_USB_BULK_IN_STATUS
        • VI_ATTR_USB_BULK_OUT_PIPE
        • VI_ATTR_USB_BULK_OUT_STATUS
        • VI_ATTR_USB_CLASS
        • VI_ATTR_USB_CTRL_PIPE
        • VI_ATTR_USB_END_IN
        • VI_ATTR_USB_INTFC_NUM
        • VI_ATTR_USB_INTR_IN_PIPE
        • VI_ATTR_USB_INTR_IN_STATUS
        • VI_ATTR_USB_MAX_INTR_SIZE
        • VI_ATTR_USB_NUM_INTFCS
        • VI_ATTR_USB_NUM_PIPES
        • VI_ATTR_USB_PROTOCOL
        • VI_ATTR_USB_RECV_INTR_DATA
        • VI_ATTR_USB_RECV_INTR_SIZE
        • VI_ATTR_USB_SERIAL_NUM
        • VI_ATTR_USB_SUBCLASS
        • VI_ATTR_USER_DATA/VI_ATTR_USER_DATA_32/VI_ATTR_USER_DATA_64
        • VI_ATTR_VXI_DEV_CLASS
        • VI_ATTR_VXI_LA
        • VI_ATTR_VXI_TRIG_STATUS
        • VI_ATTR_VXI_TRIG_SUPPORT
        • VI_ATTR_VXI_VME_INTR_STATUS
        • VI_ATTR_VXI_VME_SYSFAIL_STATE
        • VI_ATTR_WIN_ACCESS
        • VI_ATTR_WIN_ACCESS_PRIV
        • VI_ATTR_WIN_BASE_ADDR/VI_ATTR_WIN_BASE_ADDR_32/VI_ATTR_WIN_BASE_ADDR_64
        • VI_ATTR_WIN_BYTE_ORDER
        • VI_ATTR_WIN_SIZE/VI_ATTR_WIN_SIZE_32/VI_ATTR_WIN_SIZE_64
        • VI_ATTR_WR_BUF_OPER_MODE
        • VI_ATTR_WR_BUF_SIZE
      • Events
        • Events
        • VI_EVENT_ASRL_BREAK
        • VI_EVENT_ASRL_CHAR
        • VI_EVENT_ASRL_CTS
        • VI_EVENT_ASRL_DCD
        • VI_EVENT_ASRL_DSR
        • VI_EVENT_ASRL_RI
        • VI_EVENT_ASRL_TERMCHAR
        • VI_EVENT_CLEAR
        • VI_EVENT_EXCEPTION
        • VI_EVENT_GPIB_CIC
        • VI_EVENT_GPIB_LISTEN
        • VI_EVENT_GPIB_TALK
        • VI_EVENT_IO_COMPLETION
        • VI_EVENT_PXI_INTR
        • VI_EVENT_SERVICE_REQ
        • VI_EVENT_TRIG
        • VI_EVENT_USB_INTR
        • VI_EVENT_VXI_SIGP
        • VI_EVENT_VXI_VME_INTR
        • VI_EVENT_VXI_VME_SYSFAIL
        • VI_EVENT_VXI_VME_SYSRESET
      • Operations
        • Operations
        • viAssertIntrSignal
        • viAssertTrigger
        • viAssertUtilSignal
        • viBufRead
        • viBufWrite
        • viClear
        • viClose
        • viDisableEvent
        • viDiscardEvents
        • viEnableEvent
        • viEventHandler
        • viFindNext
        • viFindRsrc
        • viFlush
        • viGetAttribute
        • viGpibCommand
        • viGpibControlATN
        • viGpibControlREN
        • viGpibPassControl
        • viGpibSendIFC
        • viIn8/viIn16/viIn32/viIn64
        • viIn8Ex/viIn16Ex/viIn32Ex/viIn64Ex
        • viInstallHandler
        • viLock
        • viMapAddress/viMapAddressEx
        • viMapTrigger
        • viMemAlloc/viMemAllocEx
        • viMemFree/viMemFreeEx
        • viMove/viMoveEx
        • viMoveAsync/viMoveAsyncEx
        • viMoveIn8/viMoveIn16/viMoveIn32/viMoveIn64
        • viMoveIn8Ex/viMoveIn16Ex/viMoveIn32Ex/viMoveIn64Ex
        • viMoveOut8/viMoveOut16/viMoveOut32/viMoveOut64
        • viMoveOut8Ex/viMoveOut16Ex/viMoveOut32Ex/viMoveOut64Ex
        • viOpen
        • viOpenDefaultRM
        • viOut8/viOut16/viOut32/viOut64
        • viOut8Ex/viOut16Ex/viOut32Ex/viOut64Ex
        • viParseRsrc
        • viParseRsrcEx
        • viPeek8/viPeek16/viPeek32/viPeek64
        • viPoke8/viPoke16/viPoke32/viPoke64
        • viPrintf
        • viQueryf
        • viRead
        • viReadAsync
        • viReadSTB
        • viReadToFile
        • viScanf
        • viSetAttribute
        • viSetBuf
        • viSPrintf
        • viSScanf
        • viStatusDesc
        • viTerminate
        • viUninstallHandler
        • viUnlock
        • viUnmapAddress
        • viUnmapTrigger
        • viUsbControlIn
        • viUsbControlOut
        • viVPrintf
        • viVQueryf
        • viVScanf
        • viVSPrintf
        • viVSScanf
        • viVxiCommandQuery
        • viWaitOnEvent
        • viWrite
        • viWriteAsync
        • viWriteFromFile
      • Resources
        • Resources
        • VISA Resource Template
        • VISA Resource Manager
        • INSTR Resource
        • MEMACC Resource
        • INTFC Resource
        • BACKPLANE Resource
        • SERVANT Resource
        • SOCKET Resource
        • RAW Resource
      • Status Codes
        • Completion Codes
        • Error Codes
    • Platform-Specific and Portability Issues
      • Programming Considerations
        • Multiple Applications Using the NI-VISA Driver
        • Low-Level Access Functions
        • Interrupt Callback Handlers
      • Multiple Interface Support Issues
        • VXI and GPIB Platforms
        • Serial Port Support
          • C Example
          • Visual Basic Example
        • VME Support
    • Glossary
    • Important Information
      • Warranty
      • Copyright
      • Trademarks
      • Patents
      • Warning Regarding Use of NI Products
    • Technical Support and Professional Services

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