21. Internet Protocols and Support
The modules described in this chapter implement Internet protocols and support for related technology. They are all implemented in Python. Most of these modules require the presence of the system-dependent module socket, which is currently supported on most popular platforms. Here is an overview:
- 21.1. webbrowser — Convenient Web-browser controller
- 21.2. cgi — Common Gateway Interface support
- 21.3. cgitb — Traceback manager for CGI scripts
- 21.4. wsgiref — WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation
- 21.5. urllib — URL handling modules
- 21.6. urllib.request — Extensible library for opening URLs
- 21.6.1. Request Objects
- 21.6.2. OpenerDirector Objects
- 21.6.3. BaseHandler Objects
- 21.6.4. HTTPRedirectHandler Objects
- 21.6.5. HTTPCookieProcessor Objects
- 21.6.6. ProxyHandler Objects
- 21.6.7. HTTPPasswordMgr Objects
- 21.6.8. AbstractBasicAuthHandler Objects
- 21.6.9. HTTPBasicAuthHandler Objects
- 21.6.10. ProxyBasicAuthHandler Objects
- 21.6.11. AbstractDigestAuthHandler Objects
- 21.6.12. HTTPDigestAuthHandler Objects
- 21.6.13. ProxyDigestAuthHandler Objects
- 21.6.14. HTTPHandler Objects
- 21.6.15. HTTPSHandler Objects
- 21.6.16. FileHandler Objects
- 21.6.17. FTPHandler Objects
- 21.6.18. CacheFTPHandler Objects
- 21.6.19. UnknownHandler Objects
- 21.6.20. HTTPErrorProcessor Objects
- 21.6.21. Examples
- 21.6.22. Legacy interface
- 21.6.23. urllib.request Restrictions
- 21.7. urllib.response — Response classes used by urllib
- 21.8. urllib.parse — Parse URLs into components
- 21.9. urllib.error — Exception classes raised by urllib.request
- 21.10. urllib.robotparser — Parser for robots.txt
- 21.11. http — HTTP modules
- 21.12. http.client — HTTP protocol client
- 21.13. ftplib — FTP protocol client
- 21.14. poplib — POP3 protocol client
- 21.15. imaplib — IMAP4 protocol client
- 21.16. nntplib — NNTP protocol client
- 21.17. smtplib — SMTP protocol client
- 21.18. smtpd — SMTP Server
- 21.19. telnetlib — Telnet client
- 21.20. uuid — UUID objects according to RFC 4122
- 21.21. socketserver — A framework for network servers
- 21.22. http.server — HTTP servers
- 21.23. http.cookies — HTTP state management
- 21.24. http.cookiejar — Cookie handling for HTTP clients
- 21.25. xmlrpc — XMLRPC server and client modules
- 21.26. xmlrpc.client — XML-RPC client access
- 21.27. xmlrpc.server — Basic XML-RPC servers
- 21.28. ipaddress — IPv4/IPv6 manipulation library