The Python Language Reference
From Python 3.3
The Python Language Reference
This reference manual describes the syntax and “core semantics” of the language. It is terse, but attempts to be exact and complete. The semantics of non-essential built-in object types and of the built-in functions and modules are described in The Python Standard Library. For an informal introduction to the language, see The Python Tutorial. For C or C++ programmers, two additional manuals exist: Extending and Embedding the Python Interpreter describes the high-level picture of how to write a Python extension module, and the Python/C API Reference Manual describes the interfaces available to C/C++ programmers in detail.
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Lexical analysis
- 3. Data model
- 4. Execution model
- 5. The import system
- 6. Expressions
- 6.1. Arithmetic conversions
- 6.2. Atoms
- 6.3. Primaries
- 6.4. The power operator
- 6.5. Unary arithmetic and bitwise operations
- 6.6. Binary arithmetic operations
- 6.7. Shifting operations
- 6.8. Binary bitwise operations
- 6.9. Comparisons
- 6.10. Boolean operations
- 6.11. Conditional expressions
- 6.12. Lambdas
- 6.13. Expression lists
- 6.14. Evaluation order
- 6.15. Operator precedence
- 7. Simple statements
- 7.1. Expression statements
- 7.2. Assignment statements
- 7.3. The assert statement
- 7.4. The pass statement
- 7.5. The del statement
- 7.6. The return statement
- 7.7. The yield statement
- 7.8. The raise statement
- 7.9. The break statement
- 7.10. The continue statement
- 7.11. The import statement
- 7.12. The global statement
- 7.13. The nonlocal statement
- 8. Compound statements
- 9. Top-level components
- 10. Full Grammar specification